About Ukraine

Ukraine is situated in the south-eastern part of Central Europe and has its own territory, government, national emblem, flag and anthem. It borders on Russia, Byelorussia, Moldova, Slovakia, Roumania, Hungary and Poland on land and Russia, Georgia, Bulgaria, Roumania and Turkey on sea.
The territory of Ukraine is mostly a level, treeless plain, calls "steppe". There are the Crimean Mountains in the Crimean peninsula and the Carpathians in the west, but they are not very high. Mixed forests of pine and fir-trees, beeches, limes, oaks and elms cover the mountains, but the thickest woods can still be found in the northern part of the republic, in Volyn. Kiev and Cherkassy lie in the midst of Ukrainian southernmost pine forest. The main Ukrainian river is the Dnieper. It is one of the longest European rivers and one of the republic's main source of hydroelectric power. The Dnieper and its tributary the Ross had been the cradle of the Ukrainian and Russian people in time immemorial.
The climate of the country is moderate. Winter is rather mild, with no severe frosts but with regular snowfalls everywhere except the south. The rivers and lakes freeze in winter. The average winter temperature varies -20 Centigrade in the north to -3-5 in the south. Summer is quite hot and dry, with occasional showers and thunderstorms. The fertile black soil is well watered in spring and autumn and gets plenty of sunshine in summer.
Due to favorable climatic conditions, Ukraine is traditionally an agricultural area. It grows wheat, maize, buckwheat and other corn, red and green vegetables, all kinds of fruit, melons and berries.
Ukraine is one of the world's main centers of sugar production. It produces sugar both for her own needs and for export.
The country is rich in natural resources, such as iron ore, coal, color metal, oil, gas, mineral salts, clay and potential water power. It has developed a varied industry, concentrated mostly in and around big cities, such as Kiev, Zaporozhye, Dnepropetrovsk, Dnyeprodzerzhinsk, Odessa, Kharkov, Lviv, Nickolayev and other. It produces planes and ships, lorries and buses, motorcars and locomotives, computer and electronic equipment, precision instruments and agricultural machines, TV and radioset, chemicals and textiles and various consumer goods. Odessa, Sebastopol, Nickolayev, Kherson and Kerch are main ukrainian ports.
Introduction - Ukraine (info by CIA)

Ukraine was the center of the first Slavic state, Kievan Rus, which during the 10th and 11th centuries was the largest and most powerful state in Europe. Weakened by internecine quarrels and Mongol invasions, Kievan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and eventually into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The cultural and religious legacy of Kievan Rus laid the foundation for Ukrainian nationalism through subsequent centuries. A new Ukrainian state, the Cossack Hetmanate, was established during the mid-17th century after an uprising against the Poles. Despite continuous Muscovite pressure, the Hetmanate managed to remain autonomous for well over 100 years. During the latter part of the 18th century, most Ukrainian ethnographic territory was absorbed by the Russian Empire. Following the collapse of czarist Russia in 1917, Ukraine was able to bring about a short-lived period of independence (1917-20), but was reconquered and forced to endure a brutal Soviet rule that engineered two artificial famines (1921-22 and 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. In World War II, German and Soviet armies were responsible for some 7 to 8 million more deaths. Although final independence for Ukraine was achieved in 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR, democracy remained elusive as the legacy of state control and endemic corruption stalled efforts at economic reform, privatization, and civil liberties. A peaceful mass protest "Orange Revolution" in the closing months of 2004 forced the authorities to overturn a rigged presidential election and to allow a new internationally monitored vote that swept into power a reformist slate under Viktor YUSHCHENKO. The new government presents its citizens with hope that the country may at last attain true freedom and prosperity.

Geography - Ukraine
Location:
Eastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Poland, Romania, and Moldova in the west and Russia in the east
Geographic coordinates:
49 00 N, 32 00 E
Area:
total: 603,700 sq km
land: 603,700 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries:
total: 4,663 km
border countries: Belarus 891 km, Hungary 103 km, Moldova 939 km, Poland 526 km, Romania (south) 169 km, Romania (west) 362 km, Russia 1,576 km, Slovakia 97 km
Coastline:
2,782 km
Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200-m or to the depth of exploitation
Climate:
temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation disproportionately distributed, highest in west and north, lesser in east and southeast; winters vary from cool along the Black Sea to cold farther inland; summers are warm across the greater part of the country, hot in the south
Terrain:
most of Ukraine consists of fertile plains (steppes) and plateaus, mountains being found only in the west (the Carpathians), and in the Crimean Peninsula in the extreme south
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Black Sea 0 m
highest point: Hora Hoverla 2,061 m
Natural resources:
iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, arable land
Land use:
arable land: 53.8%
permanent crops: 1.5%
other: 44.7% (2005)
Irrigated land:
22,080 sq km (2003)
Natural hazards:
NA
Environment - current issues:
inadequate supplies of potable water; air and water pollution; deforestation; radiation contamination in the northeast from 1986 accident at Chornobyl' Nuclear Power Plant
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds
Geography - note:
strategic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia; second-largest country in Europe

UKRAINIAN TRANSLITERATION TABLE
Department of Standartization of Geographic Names
(Research and Production Enterprise "Cartographia")

А,а - A,a

Б,б - B,b

В,в - V,v

Г,г - H,h

Г,Ё - G,g

Д,д - D,d

Е,е - E,e

¦,Ё - Ye,ie (1)

Ж,ж - Zh,zh

З,з - Z,z

И,и - Y,y

I,i - I,i

Й,й - Y,i (2)

К,к - K,k

Л,л - L,l

М,м - M,m

Н,н - N,n

О,о - O,o

П,п - P,p

Р,р - R,r

С,с - S,s

Т,т - T,t

У,у - U,u

Ф,ф - F,f

Х,х - Kh,kh

Ц,ц - Ts,ts

Ч,ч - Ch,ch

Ш,ш - Sh,sh

Щ,щ - Shch,shch

ь - < ' > (3)

Ю,ю - Yu,iu (4)

Я,я - Ya,ia (5)

 

Примечания:
(1) - e.g., Yevpatoriia, but Shyriaieve;
(2) - e.g., Yosypivka, but Stryi;
(3) - e.g., L'viv;
(4) - e.g., Yurivka, but Liubech;
(5) - e.g., Yalta, but Tiachiv.

(A) SUMS'KA OBLAST': BANYCHI, BILOPILLIA, BURYN', CHERVONE, DRUZHBA, HLUKHIV, KRASNOPILLIA,

KONOTOP, KROLEVETS', KYRYLIVKA, LEBEDYN, LYPOVA DOLYNA, NEDRYHAILIV, NYZY, OKHTYRKA, PUTYVL',

ROMNY, SEREDYNA BUDA, SHOSTKA, SUMY, TERNY, TROSTIANETS', ULIANIVKA, VELYKA PYSARIVKA,

VORONIZH, VOROZHBA, YAMPIL'

(B) TERNOPIL'S'KA OBLAST': BEREZHANY, BORSHCHIV, BUCHACH, CHORTKIV, HRYMALIV, HUSIATYN,

KOPYCHYNTSI, KOZOVA, KREMENETS', KHOROSTKIV, LANIVTSI, MONASTYRYS'KA, PIDHAITSI, PIDVOLOCHYS'K,

POCHAIV, SHUMS, SKALAT, TEREBOVLIA, TERNOPIL', ZALISHCHYKY, ZBARAZH, ZBORIV

© CHERKAS'KA OBLAST': CHERKASY, CHORNOBAI, CHYHYRYN, DRABIV, HORODYSHCHE, KAMIANKA, KANIV,

KATERYNOPIL', KHRYSTYNIVKA, KORSUN-SHEVCHENKIVS'KYI, LIPLIAVE, LYSIANKA, MANIKIVKA,

MONASTYRYSHCHE, SHPOLA, SMILA, TAL'NE, TSVITKOVE, UMAN', VATUTINE, ZHASHKIV, ZOLOTONOSHA,

ZVENYHORODKA

(D) ZAKARPATS'KA OBLAST': BEREHOVE, CHOP, DUBOVE, IRSHAVA, KHUST, MIZHHIRIA, MUKACHEVE,

PERECHYN, RAKHIV, SVALIAVA, TIACHIV, UST'-CHORNA, UZHHOROD, VELYKYI BEREZHNYI, VELYKYI BYCHKIV,

VOLOVETS', VUZLOVE, VYNOHRADIV, YASINIA

(E) DNIPROPETROVS'KA OBLAST': APOSTOLOVE, DNIPRODZERZHYNS'K, DNIPROPETROVS'K, INHULETS',

KRYNYCHKY, KRYVYI RIH, MAHDALYNIVKA, MARHANETS', MEZHOVA, NIKOPOL', NOVOMOSKOVS'K, ORDZHONIKIDZE,

PAVLOHRAD, PERESHCHEPYNE, PERSHOTRAVEN'S'K, PETROPAVLIVKA, PETRYKIVKA, PIATYKHATKY, PIDHORNE,

POKRONS'KE, SHYROKE, SLAVHOROD, SOFIIVKA, SOLONE, SYNEL'NYKOVE, TERNIVKA, TOMAKIVKA,

VASYL'KIVKA, VERKHNIODNIPROVS'K, VERKHIVTSEVE, VIL'NOHIRS'K, YURIVKA, ZELENODOL'S'K,

ZHOVTI VODY

(F) ODES'KA OBLAST': ANAN'IV, ARTSYZ, BALTA, BEREZIVKA, BEREZYNE, BILHOROD-DNISTROVS'KYI,

BILIAIVKA, BOLHRAD, FRUNZIVKA, ILLICHIVS'K, IVANIVKA, IZMAIL, KILIIA, KODYMA, KOMINTERNIVS'KE,

KOTOVS'K, KRASNI OKNY, LIUBASHIVKA, MYKOLAIVKA ODESA OVIDIOPOL' RENI, ROZDIL'NA, SARATA, SAVRAN,

SHIRIAEVE, SLOBIDKA, TARYTYNE, TATARBUNARY, TEPLODAR, VELYKA MYKHAILIVKA, VYLKOVE, YUZHNE,

ZATOKA

(G) KHERSONS'KA OBLAST': ASKANIIA-NOVA, BERYSLAV, BILOZERKA, CHAPLYNKA, HENICHES'K,

HOLA PRYSTAN', HORNOSTAIVKA, IVANIVKA, KAKHOVKA, KALANCHAK, KALININS'KE, KHERSON, LAZURNE,

NOVA KAKHOVKA, NOVOOLEKSIIVKA, NOVOTROTS'KE, NOVOVORONTSOVKA, NYZHNI SIROHOZY, PARTYZANY,

SKADOVS'K, TAVRIIS'K, TSIURUPYNS'K, VELYKA LEPETYKHA, VELYKA OLEKSANDRIVKA, VERKHNII, ROHACHYK,

VYSOKOPILLIA

(H) POLTAVS'KA OBLAST' ARTEMIVKA, CHERVONOZAVODS'KE, CHORNUKHY, CHUTOVE, DYKAN'KA, HADIACH,

HLOBYNE, HREBINKA, KARLIVKA, KOBELIAKY, KOMSOMOL'S'K, KOZHEL'SHCHYNA, KREMENCHUK, LOKHVYTSIA,

KHOROL, KOTEL'NA, LUBNY, MASHIVKA, MYRHOROD, NOVI SANZHARY, ORZHYTSIA, POLTAVA, PYRIATYN,

RESHETYLIVKA, ROMODAN, SEMENIVKA, SHYSHAKY, VELYKA, BAHACHKA, ZIN'KIV

(I) DONETS'KA OBLAST': AMVROSIIVKA, ANDRIIVKA, ARTEMIVS'K, ARTEMOVE, AVDIIVKA, BILOZERS'KE,

BILYTS'KE, CHASIV YAR, DEBAL'TSEVE, DOBROPILLIA, DOKUCHAIEVS'K, DONETS'K, DRUZHKIVKA, DYMYTROV,

DZERZHYNS'K, HIRNYK, HORLIVKA, ILOVAIS'K, KHARTSYZ'K, KIROVS'KE, KOMSOMOL'S'KE, KOSTIANTYNIVKA,

KRAMATORS'K, KRASNOARMIIS'K, KRASNOHORIVKA, KRASNYI LYMAN, KURAKHOVE, MAKIIVKA, MARINKA,

MARIUPOL', MOSPYNE, NOVOAZOVS'K, NOVOHRODIVKA, OLEKSANDRIVKA, PERSHOTRAVNEVE, POKROVS'KE,

RODYNS'KE, SELYDOVE, SHAKHTARS'K, SIVERS'K, SLOVIANOHIRS'K, SLOVIANS'K, SNIZHNE, SOLEDAR,

STAROBESHEVE, SVITLODARS'K, TEL'MANOVE, TOREZ, UKRAINS'K, VELYKA NOVOSILKA, VOLNOVAKHA,

VOLODARS'KE, VUHLEDAR, VUHLEHIRS'K, YASYNUVATA, YENAKIIEVE, YUZHNOKOMUNARIVS'K, ZHDANIVKA,

ZUHRES

(J) AVTONOMNA RESPUBLIKA KRYM: ALUPKA, ALUSHTA, ARMIANS'K, BAKHCHYSARAI, BILOHIRS'K,

CHORNOMORS'KE, DZHANKOI FEODOSIIA, FOROS, HURZUF, HVARDIIS'KE, INKERMAN, KERCH,

KRASNOHVARDIIS'KE, KRASNOPEREKOPS'K, LENINE, NYZHNIOHIRS'KYI, OKTIABRS'KE, PERVOMAIS'KE,

ROZDOL'NE, SAKY, SEVASTOPOL', SHCHOPKINE, SIMFEROPOL', SOVETS'KYI, STARYI KRYM, SUDAK, YALTA,

YEVPATORIA, ZUIA

(K) RIVNENS'KA OBLAST': BERESNE, BERESTECHKO, CHERVONOARMIIS'K, DUBNO, DUBROVYTSIA, HOSHCHA,

KLESIV, KORETS', KOSTOPIL', KUZNETSOVS'K, MLYNIV, OSTROH, RADYVYLIV, RIVNE, ROKYTNE, SARNY,

STEPAN', VOLODYMYRETS', VYSOTS'K, ZARICHNE, ZDOLBUNIV

(L) KHARKIVS'KA OBLAST': BALAKLIIA, BARVINKOVE, BILYI KOLODIAZ', BLYZNIUKY, BOHODUKHIV, BOROVA,

CHUHUIV, DERHACHI, DVORICHNA, IZIUM, KEHYCHIVKA, KHARKIV, KRASNOHRAD, KRASNOPAVLIVKA, KUPIANS'K,

KUPIANS'K-VUZLOVYI, LIUBOTYN, LOZOVA, MEREFA, NOVA VODOLAHA, ORIL'KA, PECHENIHY, PERVOMAIS'KYI,

PIVDENNE, SAKHNOVSHCHYNA, SAVYNTSI, SHEVCHENKOVE, VALKY, VELYKYI BURLUK, VOVCHANS'K,

ZACHEPYLIVKA, ZMIIV, ZOLOCHIV

(M) LUHANS'KA OBLAST': ALCHEVS'K, ALMAZNA, ANTRATSYT, ARTEMIVS'K, BILOHURAKYNE, BILOLUTS'K,

BILOVODS'K, BRIANKA, CHERVONOPARTYZANS'K, DEBAL'TSEVE, HIRS'KE, KIROVS'K, KRASNODON, KRASNYI,

LUCH KREMINNA, LUHANS'K, LUTUHYNE, LYSYCHANS'K, MARKIVKA, MILOVE, MIUSYNS'K, MOLODOHVARDIIS'K,

NOVOAIDAR NOVODRUZHES'K, NOVOPSKOV, NYZHNIA DUVANKA, OLEKSANDRIVS'K, PEREVAL'S'K, PERVOMAIS'K,

PETROVS'KE, POPASNA, PRYVILLIA, ROVEN'KY, RUBIZHNE, SIEVERODONETS'K, SHCHASTIA, SLOVIANOSERBS'K,

STAKHANOV, STANYCHNO-LUHANS'KE, STAROBIL'S'K, SUKHODIL'S'K, SVATOVE, SVERDLOVS'K, TEPLOHIRS'K,

TROITS'KE, VAKHRUSHEVE, ZOLOTE, ZORYNS'K, ZYMOHIRIA

(N) VINNYTS'KA OBLAST': BAR, BERSHAD', CHECHEL'NYK, CHERNIVTSI, HAISYN, HNIVAN', ILLINTSI,

KALYNIVKA, KHMIL'NYK, KOZIATYN, KRYZHOPIL', LADYZHYN, LITYN, LYPOVETS', MOHYLIV-PODIL'S'KYI,

MUROVANI KYRYLIVTSI, NEMYRIV, ORATIV, PISHCHANKA, POHREBYSHCHE, SHARHOROD, SYTKIVTSI, TEPLYK,

TOMASHPIL', TROSTIANETS', TUL'CHYN, TURBIV, VAPNIARKA, VINNYTSIA, YAMPIL', ZHMERYNKA

(P) VOLYNS'KA OBLAST': BERESTECHKO, HOROKHIV, IVANYCHI, KAMIN'-KASHYRS'KYI, KIVERTSI, KOLKY,

KOVEL', LIUBESHIV, LIUBOML', LOKACHI, LUTS'K, MANEVYCHI, NOVOVOLYNS'K, RATNE, ROZHYSHCHE,

SHATS'K, STARA VYZHNIVKA, TURIIS'K, USTILUH, VOLODYMYR-VOLYNS'KYI

(S) IVANO-FRANKIVS'KA OBLAST': BOHORODCHANY, BOLEKHIV, BURSHTYN, DOLYNA, HALYCH, HORODENKA,

IVANO-FRANKIVS'K, KALUSH, KOLOMYIA, KOSIV, NADVIRNA, ROHATYN, ROZHNIATIV, SNIATYN, TLUMACH,

TYSMENYTSIA, VERKHOVYNA, VOROKHTA, YAREMCHA

(T) KHMEL'NYTS'KA OBLAST': BILOHIRIA, CHEMERIVTSI, DERAZHNIA, DUNAIVTSI, HORODOK, HRYTSIV,

IZIASLAV, KAMIANETS'-PODIL'S'KYI, KHMEL'NYTS'KYI, KRASYLIV, LETYCHIV, NETISHYN, NOVA USHYTSIA,

POLONNE, SHEPETIVKA, SLAVUTA, STARA SYNIVA, STAROKOSTIANTYNIV, TEOFIPOL', VIN'KIVTSI,

VOLOCHYS'K, YARMOLYNTSI

(U) KYIVS'KA OBLAST': BARYSHIVKA, BEREZAN', BILA TSERKVA, BOHUSLAV, BOIARKA, BORODIANKA,

BORYSPIL', BROVARY, CHORNOBYL', DYMER, FASTIV, IRPIN', IVANKIV, KAHARLYK, KYIV (KIEV), MAKARIV,

MYRONIVKA, OBUKHIV, PEREIASLAV-KHMEL'NYTS'KYI, PRYPIAT', POLIS'KE, ROKYTNE, RZHYSHCHIV, SKVYRA,

SLAVUTYCH, STAVYSHCHE, TARASHCHA, TETIIV, UKRAINKA, UZYN, VASYL'KIV, VYSHHOROD, VYSHNEVE,

YAHOTYN, ZHURIVKA

(V) KIROVOHRADS'KA OBLAST': BOBRYNETS', DOBROVELYCHKIVKA, DOLYNS'K, HAIVORON, HOLOVANIVS'K,

KIROVOHRAD, KOMPANIIVKA, MALA VYSKA, NOVHORODKA, NOVOARKHANHEL'S'K, NOVOMYRHOROD, NOVOUKRAINKA,

OLEKSANDRIIA, OLEKSANDRIVKA, ONUFRIIVKA, PETROVE, POMICHNA, SVITLOVODS'K, ULIANOVKA, USTYNIVKA,

VIL'SHANKA, ZNAMIANKA, ZNAMIANKA-DRUHA

(W) L'VIVS'KA OBLAST': BELZ, BIBRKA, BORYSLAV, BRODY, BUS'K, CHERVONOHRAD, DOBROMYL',

DROHOBYCH, DUBLIANY, HLYNIANY, HORODOK, KAMIANKA-BUZ'KA, KHODORIV, KHYRIV, KOMARNO, KRASNE,

L'VIV, MORSHYN, MOSTYS'KA, MYKOLAIV, NOVOYAVORIVS'KE, NOVYI ROZDOL, NOVYI YARYCHIV,

PEREMYSHLIANY, PUSTOMYTY, RADEKHIV, RAVA-RUS'KA, RUDKY, RUDNO, SAMBIR, SKOLE, SLAVS'KE,

SOKAL', SOSNIVKA, STARYI, SAMBIR, STEBNYK, STRYI, SUDOVA VYSHNIA, TRUSKAVETS', TURKA,

UHNIV, VELYKI MOSTY, VYNNYKY, YAVORIV, ZHOVKVA, ZHYDACHIV, ZHYRIVKA, ZOLOCHIV, ZYMNA VODA

(X) ZHYTOMYRS'KA OBLAST': ANDRUSHIVKA, BARANIVKA, BERDYCHIV, BRUSYLIV, CHERNIAKHIV,

CHERVONOARMIIS'K, CHOPOVYCHI, CHUDNIV, DZERZHYNS'K, IRSHANS'K, KORNYN, KOROSTEN', KOROSTYSHIV,

LIUBAR, LUHYNY, MALYN, NARODYCHI, NOVI KOROVYCHI, NOVOHRAD-VOLYNS'KYI, OLEVS'K, OVRUCH,

PERSHOTRAVNEVE, POPIL'NIA, RADOMYSHL', RUZHYN, VOLODARS'K-VOLYNS'KYI, YEMIL'CHYNE, ZHYTOMYR

(Y) CHERNIVETS'KA OBLAST': CHERNIVTSI, HERTSA, KEL'MENTSI, KHOTYN, KITSMAN', LUZHANY,

NOVODNISTROVS'K, NOVOSELYTSIA, SOKYRIANY, STOROZHYNETS', VASHKIVTSI, VYZHNYTSIA, ZASTAVNA

(Z) MYKOLAIVS'KA OBLAST': ARBUZYNKA, BASHTANKA, BEREZANKA, BRATS'KE, DOMANIVKA, KALININS'KE,

KAZANKA, KRYVE OZERO, KUDRIAVTSIVKA, MYKOLAIV, NOVA ODESA, NOVYI BUH, OCHAKIV, OL'SHANKA,

PERVOMAIS'K, PIDHORODNA, SNIHURIVKA, VELYKA KORENYKHA, VESELYNOVE, VOZNESENS'K, VRADIIVKA,

YELANETS', YUZHNOUKRAINS'K

Украина - аграрно-индустриальное государство Центрально-Восточной Европы. Она охватывает юго-запад Восточноевропейской равнины и часть Карпат и Крымских гор. С севера на юг Украина простирается на 893 километра, с запада на восток - на 1316 километра. Украина расположена в умеренных широтах, имеет выход к Черному и Азовскому морям. Геополитическое положение на границе западных и восточных народов и культур существенно отразилось на истории и современном развитии государства.

Украина имеет сухопутные и морские границы, общая длина которых 7590 километров. Сухопутная граница страны простирается на 5631 км и состоит из трех участков - западной, северной и восточной. Длина морской границы - 1959 км. На суше Украина граничит с Российской Федерацией (2063 км), Республикой Беларусь (975 км), Республика Польша (542,5 км), Словацкой Республикой (98 км), Венгрией (135 км), Румынией (608 км) и Республикой Молдова (1194 км). Выход к странам Центральной и Западной Европы обеспечивается участком границы в 2590 км.

Территория Украины составляет 603,7 тыс. кв. км, или 5,7% территории Европы и 0,44% территории мира. По площади она превышает такие большие страны Европы, как Франция (544 тыс. кв. км), Испания (505 тыс. кв. км), Швеция (450 тыс. кв. км), ФРГ (356,3 тыс. кв. км), Польша (312,7 тыс. кв. км). Благодаря выгодному географическому расположению в центре Европы и разветвленной сети авиационного, железнодорожного, морского и автомобильного транспорта Украина считается транзитной для пассажиров и грузов разных стран.

Численность населения Украины по данным переписи 2001 года составляет 49,5 млн. человек.

Украина - государство с развитой научной и промышленной базой. Народно-хозяйственный комплекс страны включает машиностроение, черную и цветную металлургию, судостроение, производство автобусов, легковых и грузовых автомобилей, тракторов и другой сельскохозяйственной техники, тепловозов, станков, турбин, авиационных двигателей и самолетов, оборудования для электростанций, нефтегазовую и химическую промышленность. Украина является крупным производителем электроэнергии

Столица Украины - город Киев. Государственный язык - украинский. Национальная валюта - украинская гривна.

Меню сайта
Категории раздела
Events [61]Awards [5]DXing [29]
TX-RX-PA-ANT [3]Software [0]Links [4]
Contest [18]
Форма входа
На КВ
Друзья сайта




Сайт радиолюбителей Тульской области, города Ефремова и радиоклуба ЭФИР, много интересной и полезной информации...









Наша кнопка:

Статистика

Онлайн всего: 1
Гостей: 1
Пользователей: 0
Мини-чат
Радионовости QRZ.at.ua